Procedure Of Urine Sample Collections

Procedure Of Urine Sample Collections:-

The normal composition of urine varies considerably during a 24-hour period. Most reference values are based on analysis of the first urine voided in the morning. This specimen is preferred because it has a more uniform volume and concentration, and its lower pH helps preserve the formed elements. Submit a first morning specimen whenever possible.
To reduce contamination, the specimen submitted for urinalysis should be a clean catch "midstream sample."
For routine examination sample can be collected in a clean plastic or glass container of capacity -70—100ml.
Min. 50 ml of urine should be collected for routine examination
Urine for pregnancy testing should be a first morning voiding, or a random specimen with a specific gravity of at least 1.010. Note the time of collection of the specimen on the test request form .Submit urine for pregnancy testing in a plastic vial with no preservative.

Urine Culture :

• Submit a first morning specimen whenever possible.
• To reduce contamination, the specimen submitted for urinalysis should be a clean catch "midstream sample."
• DO NOT TOUCH THE CONTAINER OR ITS CAP FROM INSIDE.
• SAMPLE MUST REACH IN LAB WITH IN 1 HRS OF COLLECTION.

Procedure for Female Patients :

• Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.
• Separate the skin folds around the urinary opening. Wash the area with a soap pad or towelette/ Betadine swab. using a front to back motion.( UP Side down ) Repeat two additional times. With new towelette/ swab.
• Then wipe the area with dry swab/ toilet paper. To remove the excess betadine/ soap/ towlette.
• Begin urinating into the toilet with skin folds held apart with the fingers.
• Fill half of the container and remove from the urine stream.
• Replace the container lid and screw tightly.
• Send the container immediately to lab. ( with in 1 hrs of collection or keep it in refrigerator.

Procedure for Male Patients :

• Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.
• Wash the head of the penis first with the towelette or soap pad./ betadine for two to three times.( Change the towelette / swab each times.) Then with dry toilet paper/ swab.
• Begin urinating into the toilet with skin folds held apart with the fingers.
• Insert collection container into urine stream without allowing container to touch the skin area.
• Fill half of the container and remove from the urine stream.
• Replace the container lid and screw tightly.
• Send the container immediately to lab. ( with in 1 hrs of collection or keep it in refrigerator.

24-Hour Urine Collection

Proper collection and preservation of 24-hour urine specimens is essential for accurate test results. Patients must be carefully instructed in the correct procedure.

Patient Preparation For 24 hrs. Urine Collection

Instruct the patient about the preservative and restrict him from discarding the same.
To start collection:-Ask the patient to discard the first urine passed in the morning. Note down the exact time (for e.g.,7:.00 am).
From this time onwards collect all subsequent urine samples in the container provided. Collection should be continued till same time the next day (for e.g. 7.:00 am).
This is the 24 hrs. urine sample The patient should return the 24 hrs. urine sample container within 1 hr. to the centre.
Note: For those analyses requiring the addition of 6N HCI or other preservatives, add the preservative at the start of collection.
Have the patient collect each specimen in a smaller container and carefully pour the urine into the 24-hour container to avoid any possible acid burns to the patient. Be sure to mix urine thoroughly before preparing the aliquot.

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PATIENT

Avoid alcoholic beverages and vitamins for at least 24 hours before starting to collect urine, and during the collection period. Do not discontinue medications unless instructed to do so by your physician. Inform the laboratory which medications you are taking.
Do not exceed your normal intake of liquids or change your dietary habits during the day before and the day of your collection unless your physician gives you specific instructions to do so.

COLLECTION THROUGH FOLEY’S CATHETER

• Clamp /Tie the catheter between the genitals and its connection with urobag.
• left it for 1-1/2 hrs.
• Then unscrew the joint between catheter and urobag.
• open the sterile container and place it near the end of catheter. Now release the clamp and allow the urine to pass in container directly. .At least half of container ( 30-50 ml ) should be filled for c/s and R/M.. Then tightly screw the cap of container and attach the urobag with catheter.
• Send the sample immediately to lab.

DO NOT COLLECT SAMPLE BY POURING/ TRANSFER IT FROM UROBAG IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.
Fasting Urine specimen for sugar
This differs from a first morning specimen by being the second voided specimen after a period of fasting.
2-Hour postprandial specimen
The patient should be instructed to void shortly before consuming a routine meal and to collect a specimen 2 hours after eating.
Glucose tolerance test (GTT) / urine specimens
When a GTT is requested, urine specimens may be collected to correspond with blood samples drawn during a glucose tolerance test. The number of specimens varies with the length of the test.